Building construction.



G. W. HANSBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23, 1911.

Patented July 9, 1912.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. W. HANSBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23, 1911.

- L3L926 Patented July 9, 1912.

s sHEBTS SHEET f 02.

G. W. HANSBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPi-IOATION FILED MAR. 23, 1911.

Patented July 9, 1912.

8 SHEETSSHEET 3 G. W. HANSBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. I APPLIUATIONIFILED MAR.23, 1911.

1,311,926 Patented July 9,1912.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

G. W. HAN SBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED mmzs. 1911.

Patented July 9, 1912.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

G. W. HANSBROUGH;

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1911.

- LQSLQQE, Patented July 9, 1912.

8 BHEETS-SHEET 6.

G. "W. HANSBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED mmzs, 1911.

Patented July 9, 1912.

8 SHEETSSHEET 7.

MM Y Z G. W. HANSBROUGH.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23, 1911.

LMLQQQ, Patented July 9, 1912.

8 BHEBTS-SHBET 8.

5 earns :ATFLN F TQ ifotnoa'cn w. nansnaouen, or sen rnancrsco,CALIFORNIA;

' BUILDING ooits'rnuorron.

.To all whom it may concern: 'Be it known that LGEoRoE HANS- BROUGH, acitizen of'the United States, re-

siding in the city and county of San Francisco and State of California,have invented- ,novel panel unit which I 'shall hereinatter fullydescribe, and which by its construction lends itself for aggregate usein all situa tions of the building construction, many of whichsituations and uses it shall herein fully illustrate and describe, inorder to render clear the utility and objects of the invention.

The essential object of my invention is to produce a more economical andsimplified building .construction. The attainment of these ends willappear in detail in the course of the following de-' scripti'on. I i v lReferring to the accompanying drawings it will be noted that'in thefigures the con crete' is either omitted or is shown broken away or ismerely indicated. This is for the sake of clearness. H

Figure l is a perspective view of a panel unit, part of the concretebeing broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan of two panel units in a floorconstruction, disposed to form an intervening conduit. Fig. 3 is afragmentary perspective view showing three panel units of. a floorconstruction jointed together over a steel girder support. Fig. l is afragmentary perspective view showing, in a floor constructiornthejointing together overa steel girder supportoftwo panel-units and thefoot of a panel unit of a partition construction. Fig. 5 is an elevationof what I'willterm an aggregate panel unit; that is,

one composedof a plurality of connected panel units, said aggregatepanel unit being intended to form part of an exterior wall. of. abuilding, with openings for windows or other surface openings. Fig. 6 isa hori-v zontal section through the openings of Fig.

1 5. Fig. 7 is a similar vertical section. Fig.

8 is an elevation showing the adjacent ends of the aggregate panel unitsof Fig. 5 jointed together. Fig. 9 is a horizontal sec tion of the same.Fig. 10 is a broken section'al view enlarged of thesection of Fig.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July9, iaia.

' Application filed March as; 1911. Serial No. eiaaaa 12 is afragmentary section, showing two panel units joined by a steel bar 10 asin F ig. 9, and showing in addition, at the junc: ture, a pilastertreatment at 13. Fig. 13 is a fragmentary perspective view showing thejointing together of two exterior-wall aggiegate panel bottom edges, andanchored to afloor panel unit. Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 13,

I v 7. Fi 11 is an elevation of the same. Fig.

units connected at top and showing in addition two thinner panel unitsinserted to form a hollow air space between themselves and the outerpanel units. Fig; 15 is an elevation ofan aggregate panel unit showingthe construction of an interior partition or interior wall as commonlyoccurs in corridor sides of office buildings, with door and glassopenings. Fig. 16 is a horizontal section of the'same. Fig. 17 is avertical sectionof the same. Fig. 18 is a fragmentary section, enlarged,showing the junction of three partition panel units.

The letter A is used throughout to designate the panel which is the'unitof my construction. This panel unit, as seen in Fig.

1, is composed of steel and concrete, and may be of any outline orcontour to suitthe position for which it is intended- I have hereinillustrated it as a quadrilateral The steel compoof rectangular outline.nent of the panel is a frame made up of steel bars 1,,which form theborder. These border barsare of flanged or angle-section. Their mostcommon form is'that of a T-section, and in Fig. 1 they are all of thissection.

The border bars 1 are united at their angles by small angled-plates 2,and said border bars are further connected by steel rods 3 which mayextend in every direction, here shown as being parallel and equidistant, and extending from side to side and end to end. The rods 3 maybe connected in any suitable manner to the border bars. An effectiveconnection is to hook them through holes in said border bars. For suchconnection, the shapes here shown lend themselves perfectly, in' thatthe T- shapes are setwith their stem flanges extending inward andreceiving the hooked ends of the rods 3. Through any of the flanges ofthe border bars, according to the position in which the panel unit is to'be employed, bolts 4 are inserted. The steel frame of the panel unit Abeing thus formed, is ready for the concrete This is applied by pouringor otherwise filling it 1n around the rods 3 and between the'borderbars, until the I panel unit is of uniform thickness, and with an evenor other shape of' surface. All this workis best, though not necessarily';done in the shop, the floor or platform surfaceupon' which the panel'unit is formed being purposely made to give units A are assembled sideby side, "their adjacent edges being separated a) leave a space B,between them for conduits of plumbing, heating or wiring. Further, asshown in Fig. 3, wherein three floor panel units are shown, the panelunits'lie over a steel bar 6 of channel section, which gives a beameffect, and all said units are jointed overa steel frame support 7 Thechannel" bar 6 is .for reinforcement'ifnecessary, or a built up beam ofother material can be used instead. The conduits B can be formed in anydirection, and in any number as may be desired for convenience or.appearance. Also as shown in Fig. 4, two floor panel units may beassembled together with the base of a partition panel unit, all beingjointed over a steel frame support 8. Itmay be noted that in these Figs.2, 3 and 4,

the T-shaped border bars are disposed with their stem flanges extendingin the direc- 'tion of the thickness of the panel unit.

Turning now to the construction of the outer walls, Figs. 5, 6,7, 10 and11 show how the panel units A may be directly combined to form what'maybe termed an'aggr-egate panel unit, providing for surface openings a G.In this case,'the panel units A are made of varying shapes and sizes andare directly bolted together, the only variance inconfstructlon, in thiscase of the outer walls,

7 being that the aggregate panel unit has for 1ts base border-bar asteel bar 9 of Z-section instead of T section, this being for thepurpose of better weather protection of joinings when in place as isshown in F igs. 13 and '14. The surface openings C, when inexteriorwalls. may receive any. kind of ornamental treatment, or may beleft plain to receive other work, any kind of frame, wood or metal,being applied. I

In Figs. 8, 9 and 12, I show how two such aggregate panel-units of-Figs. 5, 6 and 7, .60

' this case a steel bar. 10 of channel section is bolted to the adjacentborder pieces of the may be jointed edge to edge vertically. In

' panel units. The space D, thus left may be occupied by the column orsupport of a steel frame construct-ion, or it may be fitted withconcrete and bars. for a reinforced concrete.

column or support, or it may receive a wooden post in wooden frameconstruction.

The. channel bar 10 is adapted for oin'amental pilaster treatment.

In Fig. 13 I show two exterior-wall panel units jointed one over theother, the Z-section 9 of the top unit being bolted to the T- sect-io-n1 of the lower unit. Short plates 11 are bolted to the Z-section 9 andto the flange of the T-section of a floor panel unit,

In Fig. 14 'I show a similar construction to that of Fig. 13, with theaddition of two extra but thinner wall panel units back of the exteriorwall units, to form an air space E for insulation or damp-proofing. l

Passing now to partition and interior wall construction, the applicationof the panel units and their aggregate to such construction I show in Fis. 15, 16,17 and 18. These panel-units may e so assembled as to leaveopenings such as F, or they may be solid if desired. Three partitionpanel units or their aggregates may be jointed together as shown inFig.18,'the edges of the panels being bolt'ed to a channel piece 12 or tothe steel frame work. All edges will be completely connected andfastened as shown.'

- As shown in Figs. 4, 13 and 14, the flanges and stems of the borderbars of the panel units of the floor, where they join partitions, formother conduits G, which may be filled 1L" completely with cement,wood'or other material or they may receive removable slabs of wood,tile, cement or other material. The entire.floors, walls and partitionsmay be deafened or may receive the same kind of interior treatment as isused'in other constructions. The partitions may be doubled .to formhollow air spaces-forinsulat-ion orfor ducts or conduits. It is onlynecessary to apply 'the finishing coat of plaster on them, therebysaving the lathing and brown coats, or they can be left sand finished.The same is true of the exterior walls. The wall, partition and floorpanel units can be provided with wooden nailing strips, as in otherconstructions, to nail moldings, Wainscot base and other trim to them.An additional floor can be constructed under the top floor forinsulation, damp-proofing, ducts or con duits, if so. desired, bysuspending the same" from the top floor or, supporting it on lowerflanges of steel girders or in any otherconvenient, method ofconstruction.

13in Figs. 12 and 18 'or a beam efl'ect as shown at 6 in Fig. 3. Thesecan be formed or shaped to any desired design. The spacesthus formed maybe used as conduits orv ducts orthey may he completely filled in ties oranchors to the.

with cement, wood, or any other desirable material. The entire work heredescribed is to form the complete-outer andinner walls and floors of abuilding. The exterior surfaces need no further treatment. All can beshaped, molded and constructed to meet the requirements of the designand character of the building for which they are intended.

" insuring a better and safer construction.

My invention provides for obtaining molded, sculptured or otherornamental features, constructed and forming an integral part of theproduct. It provides also an easy means of testing the strength of theproducts. It lends itself to the provision of easy and accessibleconduits or passage-Ways for plumbing and gas pipes, heating andventilating ducts, wiring for electric lights,

' power and telephone. It requires-no scafbuilding site. The cutting andfitting beingdling,

-The concrete is in a better condition of folding, no lathing, nofurring for walls and partitions, and it saves two coats of plaster; norneed the exterior of the building be painted. There are no special formsrequired at the building, thereby saving expense. It saves loss or wasteterials, as these are in a sheltered place and need not be scattered onthe premises of the done ina systematic manner prevent waste. Time isalso saved, an important item in consideration of occupancy. Time, laborand material are saved in the mixing, hanhauling and pouring ofconcrete.

strength as it is not subject to'any strain of overloading while it issetting. It preserves the rods from being displaced or bent down, whichis unavoidable in old methods where they are subjected. to strain bycraftsmen walking on them before the concrete is poured or properly set;nor is the concrete subject to injury by frost. By my invention, thesupervision becomes more effective, as the work is more concentrated andis at all times in plain view of the superintendent.

It is often desirable to erect office or other buildings with partitionsomitted, to suit possible requirements of tenants. My invention providesfor these future partitions in a convenient and economical manner, asall the work may be done outside of the building and other tenants neednot be inof useful maconvenienced. This holds true also of alterationsand additions.

In my construction no heavy steel girders or supports are required wherethere are long spans, as the panel units are self-supporting and lighterthan the corresponding parts or members in old constructions. All thepanel units may be anchored or tied together in such a manner as to formcomplete ties of thebuilding throughout. My invention also provides aconvenient. and simple, economical means for'the construction ofbulkheads, retaining walls, roofs and sidewalks.

An important feature of the invention resides in the fact that eachpanel unit employing as it does a T-shaped border, forms a truss withinitself and a complete self supporting construction which requires no further temporary or permanent supports outside of the structural framework necessary for any building. The flange of the T serves as a guidefor straight edging all of my panels. It replaces studding and forms aperfect frame for openings, such as windows, transoms, doors, etc., andthe stem of the T lends itself for the ready application of thereinforcing rods.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. In a building construction, a pluralityof panel units, eachunit embodying border, bars of T-shaped'section,members connectingthe stem flanges of said bars, and a 'concrete fillingenveloping said members, two of said panel units being arranged in thesame plane and in such wise that the adjacent border planes of theirbars are separated to leave a-space between them, with other planesofsaid bars projecting toward each other to form a floor for said space,

and a third of said panel units arranged in a plane perpendicular tothat of the other two within the said space and resting on the floorthereof.

2. In a building construction, a plurality of panel units, each unitembodying border bar's of T-shaped section, members connecting the stemflanges of said bars, and a concrete filling enveloping said members,said panel units being arranged in the same plane and in 'such wise thatthe border planes ofthe bars of adjoining panels are separated to leavea space between them, with other planes of said bars projecting acrosssaid space toward but terminating short of each other, and a channeledmember underlying said projecting planes.

3. In a building construction, a plurality of panel units, each unitembodying border .bars of T- haped section, members connecting the stemflanges of said bars and a conplane and in such Wise that the borderplanes of the bars-of adjoining panels are separated to leave aninterveiiing space, and

i a member crossing said space and connectlng the border bars.

-crete filling enveloping'said members, two of said panel units beinarranged in the same plane and in such WlSe that the border planes ofthe barsof adjoining panels are separated to leavean intervening space,a 1

member crossing said space and connecting the border bars, and a thirdof said panel units arranged in a plane perpendicular to v the plane ofand entering between theother pa'nel units being-arranged and connectedtogether to form a plurality of separate panel-aggregates, and a bar of-Z-shaped two units, and secured said crossing member.

v 5. In a building construction, a plurality of. panel units, each unitcontaining border bars of'T-sha ed section, members connecting the stemanges'of said-bars and a con crete filling envelopingsaid members, saidby its border bar to bar, and other panel aggregates secured by theirborder barsto said plate.

section forming one border of one panelaggregate andconnecting'.adjacent edges of ad oining panel aggregates, the wings ofsaid Z-shaped bar overlapping in opposite directions opposite sides ofsaid aggregates.

together to form a plurality of separate panel-aggregates, a bar ofZ-shaped sectlon formlng one border of one panel-aggregate andconnecting adjacent edges of adjoming panel aggregates, the Wings ofsaidZ-shaped bar overlapping in opposite directions opposite sides of saidaggregates, a. plate secured to and projecting from said Z-shaped Intestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two, subscribing witnesses GEORGE W. HANSBROUGH;

Witnesses: 7

WM. F. BooTH,

' D. B. RICHARDS;

